Hints will display for most wrong answers; explanations for most right answers.   You can attempt a question multiple times; it will only be scored correct if you get it right the first time.

I used the official objectives and sample test to construct these questions, but cannot promise that they accurately reflect what’s on the real test.   Some of the sample questions were more convoluted than I could bear to write.   See terms of use.   See the MTEL Practice Test main page to view questions on a particular topic or to download paper practice tests.

## MTEL General Curriculum Mathematics Practice

 Question 1

#### 314

Hint:
Try your procedure on a smaller number that you can count to see where you made a mistake.

#### 317

Hint:
Are there ever an odd number of white squares?

#### 320

Hint:
One way to see this is that there are 6 tiles on the left and right ends, and the rest of the white tiles are twice the number of black tiles (there are many other ways to look at it too).

#### 322

Hint:
Try your procedure on a smaller number that you can count to see where you made a mistake.
Question 1 Explanation:
Topic: Recognize and extend patterns using a variety of representations (e.g., verbal, numeric, pictorial, algebraic) (Objective 0021).
 Question 2

#### Which of the following is the equation of a linear function?

 A $$\large y={{x}^{2}}+2x+7$$Hint: This is a quadratic function. B $$\large y={{2}^{x}}$$Hint: This is an exponential function. C $$\large y=\dfrac{15}{x}$$Hint: This is an inverse function. D $$\large y=x+(x+4)$$Hint: This is a linear function, y=2x+4, it's graph is a straight line with slope 2 and y-intercept 4.
Question 2 Explanation:
Topic: Distinguish between linear and nonlinear functions (Objective 0022).
 Question 3

#### 23 flats, 4 rods, 7 little cubes

Hint:
Be sure you read the question carefully: 2300+40+7=2347

#### 2 large cubes, 3 flats, 47 rods

Hint:
2000+300+470 $$\neq$$ 2347

#### 2 large cubes, 34 rods, 7 little cubes

Hint:
Be sure you read the question carefully: 2000+340+7=2347

#### 2 large cubes, 3 flats, 4 rods, 7 little cubes

Hint:
Be sure you read the question carefully: 2000+300+40+7=2347
Question 3 Explanation:
Topic: Place Value (Objective 0016)
 Question 4

#### Tetrahedron

Hint:
All the faces of a tetrahedron are triangles.

#### Triangular Prism

Hint:
A prism has two congruent, parallel bases, connected by parallelograms (since this is a right prism, the parallelograms are rectangles).

#### Triangular Pyramid

Hint:
A pyramid has one base, not two.

#### Trigon

Hint:
A trigon is a triangle (this is not a common term).
Question 4 Explanation:
Topic: Classify and analyze three-dimensional figures using attributes of faces, edges, and vertices (Objective 0024).
 Question 5

#### In each expression below  N represents a negative integer. Which expression could have a negative value?

 A $$\large {{N}^{2}}$$Hint: Squaring always gives a non-negative value. B $$\large 6-N$$Hint: A story problem for this expression is, if it was 6 degrees out at noon and N degrees out at sunrise, by how many degrees did the temperature rise by noon? Since N is negative, the answer to this question has to be positive, and more than 6. C $$\large -N$$Hint: If N is negative, then -N is positive D $$\large 6+N$$Hint: For example, if $$N=-10$$, then $$6+N = -4$$
Question 5 Explanation:
If you are stuck on a question like this, try a few examples to eliminate some choices and to help you understand what the question means. Topic: Characteristics of integers (Objective 0016).
 Question 6

#### 100

Hint:
6124/977 is approximately 6.

#### 200

Hint:
6124/977 is approximately 6.

#### 1,000

Hint:
6124/977 is approximately 6. 155 is approximately 150, and $$6 \times 150 = 3 \times 300 = 900$$, so this answer is closest.

#### 2,000

Hint:
6124/977 is approximately 6.
Question 6 Explanation:
Topics: Estimation, simplifying fractions (Objective 0016).
 Question 7

#### The picture below represents a board with pegs on it, where the closest distance between two pegs is 1 cm.  What is the area of the pentagon shown?

 A $$\large 8\text{ c}{{\text{m}}^{2}}$$Hint: Don't just count the dots inside, that doesn't give the area. Try adding segments so that the slanted lines become the diagonals of rectangles. B $$\large 11\text{ c}{{\text{m}}^{2}}$$Hint: Try adding segments so that the slanted lines become the diagonals of rectangles. C $$\large 11.5\text{ c}{{\text{m}}^{2}}$$Hint: An easy way to do this problem is to use Pick's Theorem (of course, it's better if you understand why Pick's theorem works): area = # pegs inside + half # pegs on the border - 1. In this case 8+9/2-1=11.5. A more appropriate strategy for elementary classrooms is to add segments; here's one way. There are 20 1x1 squares enclosed, and the total area of the triangles that need to be subtracted is 8.5 D $$\large 12.5\text{ c}{{\text{m}}^{2}}$$Hint: Try adding segments so that the slanted lines become the diagonals of rectangles.
Question 7 Explanation:
Topics: Calculate measurements and derive and use formulas for calculating the areas of geometric shapes and figures (Objective 0023).
 Question 8

#### $$\large A-B+C\div D\times E$$?

 A $$\large A-B-\dfrac{C}{DE}$$Hint: In the order of operations, multiplication and division have the same priority, so do them left to right; same with addition and subtraction. B $$\large A-B+\dfrac{CE}{D}$$Hint: In practice, you're better off using parentheses than writing an expression like the one in the question. The PEMDAS acronym that many people memorize is misleading. Multiplication and division have equal priority and are done left to right. They have higher priority than addition and subtraction. Addition and subtraction also have equal priority and are done left to right. C $$\large \dfrac{AE-BE+CE}{D}$$Hint: Use order of operations, don't just compute left to right. D $$\large A-B+\dfrac{C}{DE}$$Hint: In the order of operations, multiplication and division have the same priority, so do them left to right
Question 8 Explanation:
Topic: Justify algebraic manipulations by application of the properties of order of operations (Objective 0020).
 Question 9

#### If the polygon shown above is reflected about the y axis and then rotated 90 degrees clockwise about the origin, which of the following graphs is the result?

 A Hint: Try following the point (1,4) to see where it goes after each transformation. B C Hint: Make sure you're reflecting in the correct axis. D Hint: Make sure you're rotating the correct direction.
Question 9 Explanation:
Topic: Analyze and apply geometric transformations (e.g., translations, rotations, reflections, dilations); relate them to concepts of symmetry, similarity, and congruence; and use these concepts to solve problems (Objective 0024).
 Question 10

#### All natural numbers from 2 to 266.

Hint:
She only needs to check primes -- checking the prime factors of any composite is enough to look for divisors. As a test taking strategy, the other three choices involve primes, so worth thinking about.

#### All primes from 2 to 266 .

Hint:
Remember, factors come in pairs (except for square root factors), so she would first find the smaller of the pair and wouldn't need to check the larger.

#### All primes from 2 to 133 .

Hint:
She doesn't need to check this high. Factors come in pairs, and something over 100 is going to be paired with something less than 3, so she will find that earlier.

#### All primes from $$\large 2$$ to $$\large \sqrt{267}$$.

Hint:
$$\sqrt{267} \times \sqrt{267}=267$$. Any other pair of factors will have one factor less than $$\sqrt{267}$$ and one greater, so she only needs to check up to $$\sqrt{267}$$.
Question 10 Explanation:
Topic: Identify prime and composite numbers (Objective 0018).
 Question 11

#### Which of the following is closest to their average speed driving on the trip?

 A $$\large d=20t$$Hint: Try plugging t=7 into the equation, and see how it matches the graph. B $$\large d=30t$$Hint: Try plugging t=7 into the equation, and see how it matches the graph. C $$\large d=40t$$ D $$\large d=50t$$Hint: Try plugging t=7 into the equation, and see how it matches the graph.
Question 11 Explanation:
Topic: Select the linear equation that best models a real-world situation (Objective 0022).
 Question 12

#### A

Hint:
Rise is more than 30 inches.

#### B

Hint:
Run is almost 24 feet, so rise can be almost 2 feet.

#### C

Hint:
Run is 12 feet, so rise can be at most 1 foot.

#### D

Hint:
Slope is 1:10 -- too steep.
Question 12 Explanation:
Topic: Interpret meaning of slope in a real world situation (Objective 0022).
 Question 13

#### How many students at the college are seniors who are not vegetarians?

 A $$\large 137$$Hint: Doesn't include the senior athletes who are not vegetarians. B $$\large 167$$ C $$\large 197$$Hint: That's all seniors, including vegetarians. D $$\large 279$$Hint: Includes all athletes who are not vegetarians, some of whom are not seniors.
Question 13 Explanation:
Topic: Venn Diagrams (Objective 0025)
 Question 14

#### Exactly one of the numbers below is a prime number.  Which one is it?

 A $$\large511$$Hint: Divisible by 7. B $$\large517$$Hint: Divisible by 11. C $$\large519$$Hint: Divisible by 3. D $$\large521$$
Question 14 Explanation:
Topics: Identify prime and composite numbers and demonstrate knowledge of divisibility rules (Objective 0018).
 Question 15

#### A 90 degree clockwise rotation about (2,1) followed by a translation of two units to the right.

Hint:
Part of the figure would move below the x-axis with these transformations.

#### A translation 3 units up, followed by a reflection about the line y=x.

Hint:
See what happens to the point (5,1) under this set of transformations.

#### A 90 degree clockwise rotation about (2,1) followed by a translation of 2 units to the right.

Hint:
See what happens to the point (3,3) under this set of transformations.
Question 15 Explanation:
Topic:Analyze and apply geometric transformations (e.g., translations, rotations, reflections, dilations) (Objective 0024).
 Question 16

#### The function d(x) gives the result when 12 is divided by x.  Which of the following is a graph of d(x)?

 A Hint: d(x) is 12 divided by x, not x divided by 12. B Hint: When x=2, what should d(x) be? C Hint: When x=2, what should d(x) be? D
Question 16 Explanation:
Topic: Identify and analyze direct and inverse relationships in tables, graphs, algebraic expressions and real-world situations (Objective 0021)
 Question 17

#### II and III

Hint:
Problem I is partitive (or partitioning or sharing) -- we put 12 objects into 3 groups. Problems II and III are quotative (or measurement) -- we put 12 objects in groups of 3.

#### All three problems model the same meaning of division

Question 17 Explanation:
Topic: Understand models of operations on numbers (Objective 0019).
 Question 18

#### Which of the following is a correct equation for the graph of the line depicted above?

 A $$\large y=-\dfrac{1}{2}x+2$$Hint: The slope is -1/2 and the y-intercept is 2. You can also try just plugging in points. For example, this is the only choice that gives y=1 when x=2. B $$\large 4x=2y$$Hint: This line goes through (0,0); the graph above does not. C $$\large y=x+2$$Hint: The line pictured has negative slope. D $$\large y=-x+2$$Hint: Try plugging x=4 into this equation and see if that point is on the graph above.
Question 18 Explanation:
Topic: Find a linear equation that represents a graph (Objective 0022).
 Question 19

#### If two fair coins are flipped, what is the probability that one will come up heads and the other tails?

 A $$\large \dfrac{1}{4}$$Hint: Think of the coins as a penny and a dime, and list all possibilities. B $$\large \dfrac{1}{3}$$Hint: This is a very common misconception. There are three possible outcomes -- both heads, both tails, and one of each -- but they are not equally likely. Think of the coins as a penny and a dime, and list all possibilities. C $$\large \dfrac{1}{2}$$Hint: The possibilities are HH, HT, TH, TT, and all are equally likely. Two of the four have one of each coin, so the probability is 2/4=1/2. D $$\large \dfrac{3}{4}$$Hint: Think of the coins as a penny and a dime, and list all possibilities.
Question 19 Explanation:
Topic: Calculate the probabilities of simple and compound events and of independent and dependent events (Objective 0026).
 Question 20

#### In which table below is y a function of x?

 A Hint: If x=3, y can have two different values, so it's not a function. B Hint: If x=3, y can have two different values, so it's not a function. C Hint: If x=1, y can have different values, so it's not a function. D Hint: Each value of x always corresponds to the same value of y.
Question 20 Explanation:
Topic: Understand the definition of function and various representations of functions (e.g., input/output machines, tables, graphs, mapping diagrams, formulas) (Objective 0021).
 Question 21

#### 2,000

Hint:
The answer is bigger than 7,000.

#### 20,000

Hint:
Estimate 896/216 first.

#### 3,000

Hint:
The answer is bigger than 7,000.

#### 30,000

Hint:
$$\dfrac{896}{216} \approx 4$$ and $$7154 \times 4$$ is over 28,000, so this answer is closest.
Question 21 Explanation:
Topics: Estimation, simplifying fractions (Objective 0016, overlaps with other objectives).
 Question 22

#### Which of the following equations could also represent A  for the values shown?

 A $$\large A(n)=n+4$$Hint: For a question like this, you don't have to find the equation yourself, you can just try plugging the function machine inputs into the equation, and see if any values come out wrong. With this equation n= -1 would output 3, not 0 as the machine does. B $$\large A(n)=n+2$$Hint: For a question like this, you don't have to find the equation yourself, you can just try plugging the function machine inputs into the equation, and see if any values come out wrong. With this equation n= 2 would output 4, not 6 as the machine does. C $$\large A(n)=2n+2$$Hint: Simply plug in each of the four function machine input values, and see that the equation produces the correct output, e.g. A(2)=6, A(-1)=0, etc. D $$\large A(n)=2\left( n+2 \right)$$Hint: For a question like this, you don't have to find the equation yourself, you can just try plugging the function machine inputs into the equation, and see if any values come out wrong. With this equation n= 2 would output 8, not 6 as the machine does.
Question 22 Explanation:
Topics: Understand various representations of functions, and translate among different representations of functional relationships (Objective 0021).
 Question 23

#### Given that 10 cm is approximately equal to 4 inches, which of the following expressions models a way to find out approximately how many inches are equivalent to 350 cm?

 A $$\large 350\times \left( \dfrac{10}{4} \right)$$Hint: The final result should be smaller than 350, and this answer is bigger. B $$\large 350\times \left( \dfrac{4}{10} \right)$$Hint: Dimensional analysis can help here: $$350 \text{cm} \times \dfrac{4 \text{in}}{10 \text{cm}}$$. The cm's cancel and the answer is in inches. C $$\large (10-4) \times 350$$Hint: This answer doesn't make much sense. Try with a simpler example (e.g. 20 cm not 350 cm) to make sure that your logic makes sense. D $$\large (350-10) \times 4$$Hint: This answer doesn't make much sense. Try with a simpler example (e.g. 20 cm not 350 cm) to make sure that your logic makes sense.
Question 23 Explanation:
Topic: Applying fractions to word problems (Objective 0017) This problem is similar to one on the official sample test for that objective, but it might fit better into unit conversion and dimensional analysis (Objective 0023: Measurement)
 Question 24

#### Which of the following is equivalent to $$\dfrac{3}{4}-\dfrac{1}{8}+\dfrac{2}{8}\times \dfrac{1}{2}?$$

 A $$\large \dfrac{7}{16}$$Hint: Multiplication comes before addition and subtraction in the order of operations. B $$\large \dfrac{1}{2}$$Hint: Addition and subtraction are of equal priority in the order of operations -- do them left to right. C $$\large \dfrac{3}{4}$$Hint: $$\dfrac{3}{4}-\dfrac{1}{8}+\dfrac{2}{8}\times \dfrac{1}{2}$$=$$\dfrac{3}{4}-\dfrac{1}{8}+\dfrac{1}{8}$$=$$\dfrac{3}{4}+-\dfrac{1}{8}+\dfrac{1}{8}$$=$$\dfrac{3}{4}$$ D $$\large \dfrac{3}{16}$$Hint: Multiplication comes before addition and subtraction in the order of operations.
Question 24 Explanation:
Topic: Operations on Fractions, Order of Operations (Objective 0019).
 Question 25

#### The speed of sound in dry air at 68 degrees F is 343.2 meters per second.  Which of the expressions below could be used to compute the number of kilometers that a sound wave travels in 10 minutes (in dry air at 68 degrees F)?

 A $$\large 343.2\times 60\times 10$$Hint: In kilometers, not meters. B $$\large 343.2\times 60\times 10\times \dfrac{1}{1000}$$Hint: Units are meters/sec $$\times$$ seconds/minute $$\times$$ minutes $$\times$$ kilometers/meter, and the answer is in kilometers. C $$\large 343.2\times \dfrac{1}{60}\times 10$$Hint: Include units and make sure answer is in kilometers. D $$\large 343.2\times \dfrac{1}{60}\times 10\times \dfrac{1}{1000}$$Hint: Include units and make sure answer is in kilometers.
Question 25 Explanation:
Topic: Use unit conversions and dimensional analysis to solve measurement problems (Objective 0023).
 Question 26

#### A sphere

Hint:
All views would be circles.

#### A cone

Hint:
Two views would be triangles, not rectangles.

#### A pyramid

Hint:
How would one view be a circle?
Question 26 Explanation:
Topic: Match three-dimensional figures and their two-dimensional representations (e.g., nets, projections, perspective drawings) (Objective 0024).
 Question 27

#### 7.5 meters

Hint:
Here is a picture, note that the large and small right triangles are similar:

One way to do the problem is to note that there is a dilation (scale) factor of 5 on the shadows, so there must be that factor on the heights too. Another way is to note that the shadows are twice as long as the heights.

Hint:
Draw a picture.

Hint:
Draw a picture.

#### 45 meters

Hint:
Draw a picture.
Question 27 Explanation:
Topic: Apply geometric transformations (e.g., translations, rotations, reflections, dilations); relate them to similarity, ; and use these concepts to solve problems (Objective 0024) . Fits in other places too.
 Question 28

#### Which of the lists below contains only irrational numbers?

 A $$\large\pi , \quad \sqrt{6},\quad \sqrt{\dfrac{1}{2}}$$ B $$\large\pi , \quad \sqrt{9}, \quad \pi +1$$Hint: $$\sqrt{9}=3$$ C $$\large\dfrac{1}{3},\quad \dfrac{5}{4},\quad \dfrac{2}{9}$$Hint: These are all rational. D $$\large-3,\quad 14,\quad 0$$Hint: These are all rational.
Question 28 Explanation:
Topic: Identifying rational and irrational numbers (Objective 0016).
 Question 29

#### What is the least common multiple of 540 and 216?

 A $$\large{{2}^{5}}\cdot {{3}^{6}}\cdot 5$$Hint: This is the product of the numbers, not the LCM. B $$\large{{2}^{3}}\cdot {{3}^{3}}\cdot 5$$Hint: One way to solve this is to factor both numbers: $$540=2^2 \cdot 3^3 \cdot 5$$ and $$216=2^3 \cdot 3^3$$. Then for each prime that's a factor of either number, use the largest exponent that appears in one of the factorizations. You can also take the product of the two numbers divided by their GCD. C $$\large{{2}^{2}}\cdot {{3}^{3}}\cdot 5$$Hint: 216 is a multiple of 8. D $$\large{{2}^{2}}\cdot {{3}^{2}}\cdot {{5}^{2}}$$Hint: Not a multiple of 216 and not a multiple of 540.
Question 29 Explanation:
Topic: Find the least common multiple of a set of numbers (Objective 0018).
 Question 30

#### An above-ground swimming pool is in the shape of a regular hexagonal prism, is one meter high, and holds 65 cubic meters of water.  A second pool has a base that is also a regular hexagon, but with sides twice as long as the sides in the first pool.  This second pool is also one meter high.  How much water will the second pool hold?

 A $$\large 65\text{ }{{\text{m}}^{3}}$$Hint: A bigger pool would hold more water. B $$\large 65\cdot 2\text{ }{{\text{m}}^{3}}$$Hint: Try a simpler example, say doubling the sides of the base of a 1 x 1 x 1 cube. C $$\large 65\cdot 4\text{ }{{\text{m}}^{3}}$$Hint: If we think of the pool as filled with 1 x 1 x 1 cubes (and some fractions of cubes), then scaling to the larger pool changes each 1 x 1 x 1 cube to a 2 x 2 x 1 prism, or multiplies volume by 4. D $$\large 65\cdot 8\text{ }{{\text{m}}^{3}}$$Hint: Try a simpler example, say doubling the sides of the base of a 1 x 1 x 1 cube.
Question 30 Explanation:
Topic: Determine how the characteristics (e.g., area, volume) of geometric figures and shapes are affected by changes in their dimensions (Objective 0023).
 Question 31

#### A map has a scale of 3 inches = 100 miles.  Cities A and B are 753 miles apart.  Let d be the distance between the two cities on the map.  Which of the following is not correct?

 A $$\large \dfrac{3}{100}=\dfrac{d}{753}$$Hint: Units on both side are inches/mile, and both numerators and denominators correspond -- this one is correct. B $$\large \dfrac{3}{100}=\dfrac{753}{d}$$Hint: Unit on the left is inches per mile, and on the right is miles per inch. The proportion is set up incorrectly (which is what we wanted). Another strategy is to notice that one of A or B has to be the answer because they cannot both be correct proportions. Then check that cross multiplying on A gives part D, so B is the one that is different from the other 3. C $$\large \dfrac{3}{d}=\dfrac{100}{753}$$Hint: Unitless on each side, as inches cancel on the left and miles on the right. Numerators correspond to the map, and denominators to the real life distances -- this one is correct. D $$\large 100d=3\cdot 753$$Hint: This is equivalent to part A.
Question 31 Explanation:
Topic: Analyze the relationships among proportions, constant rates, and linear functions (Objective 0022).
 Question 32

#### The graph above represents the equation $$\large 3x+Ay=B$$, where A and B are integers.  What are the values of A and B?

 A $$\large A = -2, B= 6$$Hint: Plug in (2,0) to get B=6, then plug in (0,-3) to get A=-2. B $$\large A = 2, B = 6$$Hint: Try plugging (0,-3) into this equation. C $$\large A = -1.5, B=-3$$Hint: The problem said that A and B were integers and -1.5 is not an integer. Don't try to use slope-intercept form. D $$\large A = 2, B = -3$$Hint: Try plugging (2,0) into this equation.
Question 32 Explanation:
Topic: Find a linear equation that represents a graph (Objective 0022).
 Question 33

#### Point B is halfway between two tick marks.  What number is represented by Point B?

 A $$\large 0.645$$Hint: That point is marked on the line, to the right. B $$\large 0.6421$$Hint: That point is to the left of point B. C $$\large 0.6422$$Hint: That point is to the left of point B. D $$\large 0.6425$$
Question 33 Explanation:
Topic: Using Number Lines (Objective 0017)
 Question 34

#### The quotient is $$3\dfrac{1}{2}$$. There are 3 whole blocks each representing $$\dfrac{2}{3}$$ and a partial block composed of 3 small rectangles. The 3 small rectangles represent $$\dfrac{3}{6}$$ of a whole, or $$\dfrac{1}{2}$$.

Hint:
We are counting how many 2/3's are in
2 1/2: the unit becomes 2/3, not 1.

#### The quotient is $$\dfrac{4}{15}$$. There are four whole blocks separated into a total of 15 small rectangles.

Hint:
This explanation doesn't make much sense. Probably you are doing "invert and multiply," but inverting the wrong thing.

#### This picture cannot be used to find the quotient because it does not show how to separate $$2\dfrac{1}{2}$$ into equal sized groups.

Hint:
Study the measurement/quotative model of division. It's often very useful with fractions.
Question 34 Explanation:
Topic: Recognize and analyze pictorial representations of number operations. (Objective 0019).
 Question 35

#### What is the length of side $$\overline{BD}$$ in the triangle below, where $$\angle DBA$$ is a right angle?

 A $$\large 1$$Hint: Use the Pythagorean Theorem. B $$\large \sqrt{5}$$Hint: $$2^2+e^2=3^2$$ or $$4+e^2=9;e^2=5; e=\sqrt{5}$$. C $$\large \sqrt{13}$$Hint: e is not the hypotenuse. D $$\large 5$$Hint: Use the Pythagorean Theorem.
Question 35 Explanation:
Topic: Derive and use formulas for calculating the lengths, perimeters, areas, volumes, and surface areas of geometric shapes and figures (Objective 0023), and recognize and apply connections between algebra and geometry (e.g., the use of coordinate systems, the Pythagorean theorem) (Objective 0024).
 Question 36

#### Commutative Property.

Hint:
For addition, the commutative property is $$a+b=b+a$$ and for multiplication it's $$a \times b = b \times a$$.

#### Associative Property.

Hint:
For addition, the associative property is $$(a+b)+c=a+(b+c)$$ and for multiplication it's $$(a \times b) \times c=a \times (b \times c)$$

#### Identity Property.

Hint:
0 is the additive identity, because $$a+0=a$$ and 1 is the multiplicative identity because $$a \times 1=a$$. The phrase "identity property" is not standard.

#### Distributive Property.

Hint:
$$(25+1) \times 16 = 25 \times 16 + 1 \times 16$$. This is an example of the distributive property of multiplication over addition.
Question 36 Explanation:
Topic: Analyze and justify mental math techniques, by applying arithmetic properties such as commutative, distributive, and associative (Objective 0019). Note that it's hard to write a question like this as a multiple choice question -- worthwhile to understand why the other steps work too.
 Question 37

#### Four children randomly line up, single file.  What is the probability that they are in height order, with the shortest child in front?   All of the children are different heights.

 A $$\large \dfrac{1}{4}$$Hint: Try a simpler question with 3 children -- call them big, medium, and small -- and list all the ways they could line up. Then see how to extend your logic to the problem with 4 children. B $$\large \dfrac{1}{256}$$Hint: Try a simpler question with 3 children -- call them big, medium, and small -- and list all the ways they could line up. Then see how to extend your logic to the problem with 4 children. C $$\large \dfrac{1}{16}$$Hint: Try a simpler question with 3 children -- call them big, medium, and small -- and list all the ways they could line up. Then see how to extend your logic to the problem with 4 children. D $$\large \dfrac{1}{24}$$Hint: The number of ways for the children to line up is $$4!=4 \times 3 \times 2 \times 1 =24$$ -- there are 4 choices for who is first in line, then 3 for who is second, etc. Only one of these lines has the children in the order specified.
Question 37 Explanation:
Topic: Apply knowledge of combinations and permutations to the computation of probabilities (Objective 0026).
 Question 38

#### The median number of pairs of footware owned is between 50 and 60 pairs.

Hint:
The same number of data points are less than the median as are greater than the median -- but on this histogram, clearly more than half the students own less than 50 pairs of shoes, so the median is less than 50.

#### The mode of the number of pairs of footware owned is 20.

Hint:
The mode is the most common number of pairs of footwear owned. We can't tell it from this histogram because each bar represents 10 different numbers-- perhaps 8 students each own each number from 10 to 19, but 40 students own exactly 6 pairs of shoes.... or perhaps not....

#### The mean number of pairs of footware owned is less than the median number of pairs of footware owned.

Hint:
This is a right skewed distribution, and so the mean is bigger than the median -- the few large values on the right pull up the mean, but have little effect on the median.

#### The median number of pairs of footware owned is between 10 and 20.

Hint:
There are approximately 230 students represented in this survey, and the 41st through 120th lowest values are between 10 and 20 -- thus the middle value is in that range.
Question 38 Explanation:
Topics: Analyze and interpret various graphic and data representations, and use measures of central tendency (e.g., mean, median, mode) and spread to describe and interpret real-world data (Objective 0025).
 Question 39

#### Which of the graphs below represent functions?

I. II. III. IV.

#### I and IV only.

Hint:
There are vertical lines that go through 2 points in IV .

#### I and III only.

Hint:
Even though III is not continuous, it's still a function (assuming that vertical lines between the "steps" do not go through 2 points).

#### II and III only.

Hint:
Learn about the vertical line test.

#### I, II, and IV only.

Hint:
There are vertical lines that go through 2 points in II.
Question 39 Explanation:
Understand the definition of function and various representations of functions (e.g., input/output machines, tables, graphs, mapping diagrams, formulas). (Objective 0021).
 Question 40

#### In the triangle below, $$\overline{AC}\cong \overline{AD}\cong \overline{DE}$$ and $$m\angle CAD=100{}^\circ$$.  What is $$m\angle DAE$$?

 A $$\large 20{}^\circ$$Hint: Angles ACD and ADC are congruent since they are base angles of an isosceles triangle. Since the angles of a triangle sum to 180, they sum to 80, and they are 40 deg each. Thus angle ADE is 140 deg, since it makes a straight line with angle ADC. Angles DAE and DEA are base angles of an isosceles triangle and thus congruent-- they sum to 40 deg, so are 20 deg each. B $$\large 25{}^\circ$$Hint: If two sides of a triangle are congruent, then it's isosceles, and the base angles of an isosceles triangle are equal. C $$\large 30{}^\circ$$Hint: If two sides of a triangle are congruent, then it's isosceles, and the base angles of an isosceles triangle are equal. D $$\large 40{}^\circ$$Hint: Make sure you're calculating the correct angle.
Question 40 Explanation:
Topic: Classify and analyze polygons using attributes of sides and angles, including real-world applications. (Objective 0024).
 Question 41

#### 212

Hint:
Can the number of toothpicks be even?

#### 213

Hint:
One way to see this is that every new "house" adds 4 toothpicks to the leftmost vertical toothpick -- so the total number is 1 plus 4 times the number of "houses." There are many other ways to look at the problem too.

#### 217

Hint:
Try your strategy with a smaller number of "houses" so you can count and find your mistake.

#### 265

Hint:
Remember that the "houses" overlap some walls.
Question 41 Explanation:
Topic: Recognize and extend patterns using a variety of representations (e.g., verbal, numeric, pictorial, algebraic). (Objective 0021).
 Question 42

#### Let d represent the distance a passenger travels in miles (with $$d>\dfrac{1}{7}$$). Which of the following expressions represents the total fare?

 A $$\large \2.60+\0.40d$$Hint: It's 40 cents for 1/7 of a mile, not per mile. B $$\large \2.60+\0.40\dfrac{d}{7}$$Hint: According to this equation, going 7 miles would cost $3; does that make sense? C $$\large \2.20+\2.80d$$Hint: You can think of the fare as$2.20 to enter the cab, and then $0.40 for each 1/7 of a mile, including the first 1/7 of a mile (or$2.80 per mile). Alternatively, you pay $2.60 for the first 1/7 of a mile, and then$2.80 per mile for d-1/7 miles. The total is 2.60+2.80(d-1/7) = 2.60+ 2.80d -.40 = 2.20+2.80d. D $$\large \2.60+\2.80d$$Hint: Don't count the first 1/7 of a mile twice.
Question 42 Explanation:
Topic: Identify variables and derive algebraic expressions that represent real-world situations (Objective 0020), and select the linear equation that best models a real-world situation (Objective 0022).
 Question 43

#### Point A is one-quarter of the distance from 0.26 to 0.28.  What number is represented by point A?

 A $$\large0.26$$Hint: Please reread the question. B $$\large0.2625$$Hint: This is one-quarter of the distance between 0.26 and 0.27, which is not what the question asked. C $$\large0.265$$ D $$\large0.27$$Hint: Please read the question more carefully. This answer would be correct if Point A were halfway between the tick marks, but it's not.
Question 43 Explanation:
Topic: Using number lines (Objective 0017)
 Question 44

#### The letters A, and B represent digits (possibly equal) in the ten digit number x=1,438,152,A3B.   For which values of A and B is x divisible by 12, but not by 9?

 A $$\large A = 0, B = 4$$Hint: Digits add to 31, so not divisible by 3, so not divisible by 12. B $$\large A = 7, B = 2$$Hint: Digits add to 36, so divisible by 9. C $$\large A = 0, B = 6$$Hint: Digits add to 33, divisible by 3, not 9. Last digits are 36, so divisible by 4, and hence by 12. D $$\large A = 4, B = 8$$Hint: Digits add to 39, divisible by 3, not 9. Last digits are 38, so not divisible by 4, so not divisible by 12.
Question 44 Explanation:
Topic: Demonstrate knowledge of divisibility rules (Objective 0018).
 Question 45

#### A biology class requires a lab fee, which is a whole number of dollars, and the same amount for all students. On Monday the instructor collected $70 in fees, on Tuesday she collected$126, and on Wednesday she collected $266. What is the largest possible amount the fee could be? ####$2

Hint:
A possible fee, but not the largest possible fee. Check the other choices to see which are factors of all three numbers.

#### $7 Hint: A possible fee, but not the largest possible fee. Check the other choices to see which are factors of all three numbers. ####$14

Hint:
This is the greatest common factor of 70, 126, and 266.

#### \$70

Hint:
Not a factor of 126 or 266, so couldn't be correct.
Question 45 Explanation:
Topic: Use GCF in real-world context (Objective 0018)
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