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MTEL General Curriculum Mathematics Practice
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Question 1 |
The following story situations model \( 12\div 3\):
I) Jack has 12 cookies, which he wants to share equally between himself and two friends. How many cookies does each person get?
II) Trent has 12 cookies, which he wants to put into bags of 3 cookies each. How many bags can he make?
III) Cicely has $12. Cookies cost $3 each. How many cookies can she buy?
Which of these questions illustrate the same model of division, either partitive (partioning) or measurement (quotative)?
I and II | |
I and III | |
II and IIIHint: Problem I is partitive (or partitioning or sharing) -- we put 12 objects into 3 groups. Problems II and III are quotative (or measurement) -- we put 12 objects in groups of 3. | |
All three problems model the same meaning of division |
Question 1 Explanation:
Topic: Understand models of operations on numbers (Objective 0019).
Question 2 |
What is the probability that two randomly selected people were born on the same day of the week? Assume that all days are equally probable.
\( \large \dfrac{1}{7}\) Hint: It doesn't matter what day the first person was born on. The probability that the second person will match is 1/7 (just designate one person the first and the other the second). Another way to look at it is that if you list the sample space of all possible pairs, e.g. (Wed, Sun), there are 49 such pairs, and 7 of them are repeats of the same day, and 7/49=1/7. | |
\( \large \dfrac{1}{14}\) Hint: What would be the sample space here? Ie, how would you list 14 things that you pick one from? | |
\( \large \dfrac{1}{42}\) Hint: If you wrote the seven days of the week on pieces of paper and put the papers in a jar, this would be the probability that the first person picked Sunday and the second picked Monday from the jar -- not the same situation. | |
\( \large \dfrac{1}{49}\) Hint: This is the probability that they are both born on a particular day, e.g. Sunday. |
Question 2 Explanation:
Topic: Calculate the probabilities of simple and compound events and of
independent and dependent events (Objective 0026).
Question 3 |
The prime factorization of n can be written as n=pqr, where p, q, and r are distinct prime numbers. How many factors does n have, including 1 and itself?
\( \large3\) Hint: 1, p, q, r, and pqr are already 5, so this isn't enough. You might try plugging in p=2, q=3, and r=5 to help with this problem. | |
\( \large5\) Hint: Don't forget pq, etc. You might try plugging in p=2, q=3, and r=5 to help with this problem. | |
\( \large6\) Hint: You might try plugging in p=2, q=3, and r=5 to help with this problem. | |
\( \large8\) Hint: 1, p, q, r, pq, pr, qr, pqr. |
Question 3 Explanation:
Topic: Recognize uses of prime factorization of a number (Objective 0018).
Question 4 |
Here is a mental math strategy for computing 26 x 16:
Step 1: 100 x 16 = 1600
Step 2: 25 x 16 = 1600 ÷· 4 = 400
Step 3: 26 x 16 = 400 + 16 = 416
Which property best justifies Step 3 in this strategy?
Commutative Property.Hint: For addition, the commutative property is \(a+b=b+a\) and for multiplication it's \( a \times b = b \times a\). | |
Associative Property.Hint: For addition, the associative property is \((a+b)+c=a+(b+c)\) and for multiplication it's \((a \times b) \times c=a \times (b \times c)\) | |
Identity Property.Hint: 0 is the additive identity, because \( a+0=a\) and 1 is the multiplicative identity because \(a \times 1=a\). The phrase "identity property" is not standard. | |
Distributive Property.Hint: \( (25+1) \times 16 = 25 \times 16 + 1 \times 16 \). This is an example of the distributive property of multiplication over addition. |
Question 4 Explanation:
Topic: Analyze and justify mental math techniques, by applying arithmetic properties such as commutative, distributive, and associative (Objective 0019). Note that it's hard to write a question like this as a multiple choice question -- worthwhile to understand why the other steps work too.
Question 5 |
There are six gumballs in a bag — two red and four green. Six children take turns picking a gumball out of the bag without looking. They do not return any gumballs to the bag. What is the probability that the first two children to pick from the bag pick the red gumballs?
\( \large \dfrac{1}{3}\) Hint: This is the probability that the first child picks a red gumball, but not that the first two children pick red gumballs. | |
\( \large \dfrac{1}{8}\) Hint: Are you adding things that you should be multiplying? | |
\( \large \dfrac{1}{9}\) Hint: This would be the probability if the gumballs were returned to the bag. | |
\( \large \dfrac{1}{15}\) Hint: The probability that the first child picks red is 2/6 = 1/3. Then there are 5 gumballs in the bag, one red, so the probability that the second child picks red is 1/5. Thus 1/5 of the time, after the first child picks red, the second does too, so the probability is 1/5 x 1/3 = 1/15. |
Question 5 Explanation:
Topic: Calculate the probabilities of simple and compound events and of
independent and dependent events (Objective 0026).
Question 6 |
A biology class requires a lab fee, which is a whole number of dollars, and the same amount for all students. On Monday the instructor collected $70 in fees, on Tuesday she collected $126, and on Wednesday she collected $266. What is the largest possible amount the fee could be?
$2Hint: A possible fee, but not the largest possible fee. Check the other choices to see which are factors of all three numbers. | |
$7Hint: A possible fee, but not the largest possible fee. Check the other choices to see which are factors of all three numbers. | |
$14Hint: This is the greatest common factor of 70, 126, and 266. | |
$70Hint: Not a factor of 126 or 266, so couldn't be correct. |
Question 6 Explanation:
Topic: Use GCF in real-world context (Objective 0018)
Question 7 |
Which of the following is equivalent to \( \dfrac{3}{4}-\dfrac{1}{8}+\dfrac{2}{8}\times \dfrac{1}{2}?\)
\( \large \dfrac{7}{16}\) Hint: Multiplication comes before addition and subtraction in the order of operations. | |
\( \large \dfrac{1}{2}\) Hint: Addition and subtraction are of equal priority in the order of operations -- do them left to right. | |
\( \large \dfrac{3}{4}\) Hint: \( \dfrac{3}{4}-\dfrac{1}{8}+\dfrac{2}{8}\times \dfrac{1}{2}\)=\( \dfrac{3}{4}-\dfrac{1}{8}+\dfrac{1}{8}\)=\( \dfrac{3}{4}+-\dfrac{1}{8}+\dfrac{1}{8}\)=\( \dfrac{3}{4}\) | |
\( \large \dfrac{3}{16}\) Hint: Multiplication comes before addition and subtraction in the order of operations. |
Question 7 Explanation:
Topic: Operations on Fractions, Order of Operations (Objective 0019).
Question 8 |
Which of the following sets of polygons can be assembled to form a pentagonal pyramid?
2 pentagons and 5 rectangles.Hint: These can be assembled to form a pentagonal prism, not a pentagonal pyramid. | |
1 square and 5 equilateral triangles.Hint: You need a pentagon for a pentagonal pyramid. | |
1 pentagon and 5 isosceles triangles. | |
1 pentagon and 10 isosceles triangles. |
Question 8 Explanation:
Topic:Classify and analyze three-dimensional figures using attributes of faces,
edges, and vertices (Objective 0024).
Question 9 |
Below are front, side, and top views of a three-dimensional solid.
Which of the following could be the solid shown above?
A sphereHint: All views would be circles. | |
A cylinder | |
A coneHint: Two views would be triangles, not rectangles. | |
A pyramidHint: How would one view be a circle? |
Question 9 Explanation:
Topic: Match three-dimensional figures and their two-dimensional
representations (e.g., nets, projections, perspective drawings) (Objective 0024).
Question 10 |
A car is traveling at 60 miles per hour. Which of the expressions below could be used to compute how many feet the car travels in 1 second? Note that 1 mile = 5,280 feet.
\( \large 60\dfrac{\text{miles}}{\text{hour}}\cdot 5280\dfrac{\text{feet}}{\text{mile}}\cdot 60\dfrac{\text{minutes}}{\text{hour}}\cdot 60\dfrac{\text{seconds}}{\text{minute}}
\) Hint: This answer is not in feet/second. | |
\( \large 60\dfrac{\text{miles}}{\text{hour}}\cdot 5280\dfrac{\text{feet}}{\text{mile}}\cdot \dfrac{1}{60}\dfrac{\text{hour}}{\text{minutes}}\cdot \dfrac{1}{60}\dfrac{\text{minute}}{\text{seconds}}
\) Hint: This is the only choice where the answer is in feet per second and the unit conversions are correct. | |
\( \large 60\dfrac{\text{miles}}{\text{hour}}\cdot \dfrac{1}{5280}\dfrac{\text{foot}}{\text{miles}}\cdot 60\dfrac{\text{hours}}{\text{minute}}\cdot \dfrac{1}{60}\dfrac{\text{minute}}{\text{seconds}}\) Hint: Are there really 60 hours in a minute? | |
\( \large 60\dfrac{\text{miles}}{\text{hour}}\cdot \dfrac{1}{5280}\dfrac{\text{mile}}{\text{feet}}\cdot 60\dfrac{\text{minutes}}{\text{hour}}\cdot \dfrac{1}{60}\dfrac{\text{minute}}{\text{seconds}}\) Hint: This answer is not in feet/second. |
Question 10 Explanation:
Topic: Use unit conversions and dimensional analysis to solve measurement
problems (Objective 0023).
Question 11 |
Here is a student's work solving an equation:
\( x-4=-2x+6\)
\( x-4+4=-2x+6+4\)
\( x=-2x+10\)
\( x-2x=10\)
\( x=10\)
Which of the following statements is true?
The student‘s solution is correct.Hint: Try plugging into the original solution. | |
The student did not correctly use properties of equality.Hint: After \( x=-2x+10\), the student subtracted 2x on the left and added 2x on the right. | |
The student did not correctly use the distributive property.Hint: Distributive property is \(a(b+c)=ab+ac\). | |
The student did not correctly use the commutative property.Hint: Commutative property is \(a+b=b+a\) or \(ab=ba\). |
Question 11 Explanation:
Topic: Justify algebraic manipulations by application of the properties of equality, the order of operations, the number properties, and the order properties (Objective 0020).
Question 12 |
Which of the following values of x satisfies the inequality \( \large \left| {{(x+2)}^{3}} \right|<3?\)
\( \large x=-3\) Hint: \( \left| {{(-3+2)}^{3}} \right|\)=\( \left | {(-1)}^3 \right | \)=\( \left | -1 \right |=1 \) . | |
\( \large x=0\) Hint: \( \left| {{(0+2)}^{3}} \right|\)=\( \left | {2}^3 \right | \)=\( \left | 8 \right | \) =\( 8\) | |
\( \large x=-4\) Hint: \( \left| {{(-4+2)}^{3}} \right|\)=\( \left | {(-2)}^3 \right | \)=\( \left | -8 \right | \) =\( 8\) | |
\( \large x=1\) Hint: \( \left| {{(1+2)}^{3}} \right|\)=\( \left | {3}^3 \right | \)=\( \left | 27 \right | \) = \(27\) |
Question 12 Explanation:
Topics: Laws of exponents, order of operations, interpret absolute value (Objective 0019).
Question 13 |
The least common multiple of 60 and N is 1260. Which of the following could be the prime factorization of N?
\( \large2\cdot 5\cdot 7\) Hint: 1260 is divisible by 9 and 60 is not, so N must be divisible by 9 for 1260 to be the LCM. | |
\( \large{{2}^{3}}\cdot {{3}^{2}}\cdot 5 \cdot 7\) Hint: 1260 is not divisible by 8, so it isn't a multiple of this N. | |
\( \large3 \cdot 5 \cdot 7\) Hint: 1260 is divisible by 9 and 60 is not, so N must be divisible by 9 for 1260 to be the LCM. | |
\( \large{{3}^{2}}\cdot 5\cdot 7\) Hint: \(1260=2^2 \cdot 3^2 \cdot 5 \cdot 7\) and \(60=2^2 \cdot 3 \cdot 5\). In order for 1260 to be the LCM, N has to be a multiple of \(3^2\) and of 7 (because 60 is not a multiple of either of these). N also cannot introduce a factor that would require the LCM to be larger (as in choice b). |
Question 13 Explanation:
Topic: Least Common Multiple (Objective 0018)
Question 14 |
| I. \(\large \dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}\) | II. \( \large .400000\) | III. \(\large\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5}\) |
| IV. \( \large 40\% \) | V. \( \large 0.25 \) | VI. \(\large\dfrac{14}{35}\) |
Which of the lists below includes all of the above expressions that are equivalent to \( \dfrac{2}{5}\)?
I, III, V, VIHint: I and V are not at all how fractions and decimals work. | |
III, VIHint: These are right, but there are more. | |
II, III, VIHint: These are right, but there are more. | |
II, III, IV, VI |
Question 14 Explanation:
Topic: Converting between fractions, decimals, and percents (Objective 0017)
Question 15 |
Which of the numbers below is not equivalent to 4%?
\( \large \dfrac{1}{25}\) Hint: 1/25=4/100, so this is equal to 4% (be sure you read the question correctly). | |
\( \large \dfrac{4}{100}\) Hint: 4/100=4% (be sure you read the question correctly). | |
\( \large 0.4\) Hint: 0.4=40% so this is not equal to 4% | |
\( \large 0.04\) Hint: 0.04=4/100, so this is equal to 4% (be sure you read the question correctly). |
Question 15 Explanation:
Converting between fractions, decimals, and percents (Objective 0017).
Question 16 |
The picture below represents a board with pegs on it, where the closest distance between two pegs is 1 cm. What is the area of the pentagon shown?
\( \large 8\text{ c}{{\text{m}}^{2}}
\) Hint: Don't just count the dots inside, that doesn't give the area. Try adding segments so that the slanted lines become the diagonals of rectangles. | |
\( \large 11\text{ c}{{\text{m}}^{2}}\) Hint: Try adding segments so that the slanted lines become the diagonals of rectangles. | |
\( \large 11.5\text{ c}{{\text{m}}^{2}}\) Hint: An easy way to do this problem is to use Pick's Theorem (of course, it's better if you understand why Pick's theorem works): area = # pegs inside + half # pegs on the border - 1. In this case 8+9/2-1=11.5.
A more appropriate strategy for elementary classrooms is to add segments; here's one way.  There are 20 1x1 squares enclosed, and the total area of the triangles that need to be subtracted is 8.5 | |
\( \large 12.5\text{ c}{{\text{m}}^{2}}\) Hint: Try adding segments so that the slanted lines become the diagonals of rectangles. |
Question 16 Explanation:
Topics: Calculate measurements and derive and use formulas for calculating the areas of geometric shapes and figures (Objective 0023).
Question 17 |
Use the table below to answer the question that follows:
Each number in the table above represents a value W that is determined by the values of x and y. For example, when x=3 and y=1, W=5. What is the value of W when x=9 and y=14? Assume that the patterns in the table continue as shown.
\( \large W=-5\) Hint: When y is even, W is even. | |
\( \large W=4\) Hint: Note that when x increases by 1, W increases by 2, and when y increases by 1, W decreases by 1. At x=y=0, W=0, so at x=9, y=14, W has increased by \(9 \times 2\) and decreased by 14, or W=18-14=4. | |
\( \large W=6\) Hint: Try fixing x or y at 0, and start by finding W for x=0 y=14 or x=9, y=0. | |
\( \large W=32\) Hint: Try fixing x or y at 0, and start by finding W for x=0 y=14 or x=9, y=0. |
Question 17 Explanation:
Topic: Recognize and extend patterns using a variety of representations (e.g., verbal, numeric, pictorial, algebraic) (Objective 0021)
Question 18 |
Which of the following is equal to one million three hundred thousand?
\(\large1.3\times {{10}^{6}}\)
| |
\(\large1.3\times {{10}^{9}}\)
Hint: That's one billion three hundred million. | |
\(\large1.03\times {{10}^{6}}\)
Hint: That's one million thirty thousand. | |
\(\large1.03\times {{10}^{9}}\) Hint: That's one billion thirty million |
Question 18 Explanation:
Topic: Scientific Notation (Objective 0016)
Question 19 |
Use the samples of a student's work below to answer the question that follows:
This student divides fractions by first finding a common denominator, then dividing the numerators.
\( \large \dfrac{2}{3} \div \dfrac{3}{4} \longrightarrow \dfrac{8}{12} \div \dfrac{9}{12} \longrightarrow 8 \div 9 = \dfrac {8}{9}\) \( \large \dfrac{2}{5} \div \dfrac{7}{20} \longrightarrow \dfrac{8}{20} \div \dfrac{7}{20} \longrightarrow 8 \div 7 = \dfrac {8}{7}\) \( \large \dfrac{7}{6} \div \dfrac{3}{4} \longrightarrow \dfrac{14}{12} \div \dfrac{9}{12} \longrightarrow 14 \div 9 = \dfrac {14}{9}\)Which of the following best describes the mathematical validity of the algorithm the student is using?
It is not valid. Common denominators are for adding and subtracting fractions, not for dividing them.Hint: Don't be so rigid! Usually there's more than one way to do something in math. | |
It got the right answer in these three cases, but it isn‘t valid for all rational numbers.Hint: Did you try some other examples? What makes you say it's not valid? | |
It is valid if the rational numbers in the division problem are in lowest terms and the divisor is not zero.Hint: Lowest terms doesn't affect this problem at all. | |
It is valid for all rational numbers, as long as the divisor is not zero.Hint: When we have common denominators, the problem is in the form a/b divided by c/b, and the answer is a/c, as the student's algorithm predicts. |
Question 19 Explanation:
Topic: Analyze Non-Standard Computational Algorithms (Objective 0019).
Question 20 |
A family went on a long car trip. Below is a graph of how far they had driven at each hour.
Which of the following is closest to their average speed driving on the trip?
\( \large d=20t\) Hint: Try plugging t=7 into the equation, and see how it matches the graph. | |
\( \large d=30t\) Hint: Try plugging t=7 into the equation, and see how it matches the graph. | |
\( \large d=40t\) | |
\( \large d=50t\) Hint: Try plugging t=7 into the equation, and see how it matches the graph. |
Question 20 Explanation:
Topic: Select the linear equation that best models a real-world situation (Objective 0022).
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